Countries with which Turkmenistan is friends and enemies

The countries that Turkmenistan considers friends and enemies may change over time and may differ depending on political, economic and cultural relations. However, in general, the countries with which Turkmenistan is friends and enemies can be: Friendly Countries:

1. Türkiye: There are historical, cultural and linguistic ties between Turkmenistan and Turkey. Relations between the two countries are generally friendly and cooperative.

2. Russia: Turkmenistan has close geographical and historical ties with Russia. Russia is an important trade and energy partner of Turkmenistan.

3. China: Turkmenistan cooperates with China in the economic and energy fields. China is a major buyer of Turkmenistan's natural gas exports.

4. Iran: Turkmenistan has both cultural and economic ties with Iran. There is cooperation between the two countries in the fields of trade and energy.

5. Kazakhstan: Turkmenistan has close relations with Kazakhstan as other Turkic-speaking countries in Central Asia. Trade and cultural relations are developing between the two countries. Enemy Countries:

1. Afghanistan: Since Turkmenistan is located on the border with Afghanistan, there are security concerns. Relations may be strained due to issues such as terrorism and drug trafficking.

2. Pakistan: Turkmenistan has limited relations with Pakistan. There are some disagreements and conflicts of interest between the two countries.

3. Uzbekistan: Turkmenistan borders Uzbekistan. There have been some border disputes between the two countries in the past.

4. Turkmenistan experienced tension with Iraq due to its support of Iran in the Iran-Iraq War. However, relations between the two countries have normalized in recent years.

5. Turkmenistan may sometimes experience tension with Western countries due to its close relations with Russia. However, this does not apply to every Western country and may vary depending on the situation.