What is the legal system in North Macedonia?

The legal system of North Macedonia has a mixed structure. The country's legal system is shaped by the Constitution of North Macedonia, laws, courts and other legal institutions. The Constitution of North Macedonia is the main legal document of the country and regulates issues such as fundamental rights, duties and powers of state bodies, elections, and provisions regarding the judicial system. The Constitution guarantees the independence and impartiality of judicial bodies. Laws in the country are considered as legislation enacted in accordance with the Constitution. Laws are adopted by the Parliament and, once they come into force, are implemented according to the principle of the rule of law. Laws contain provisions that regulate the rights and freedoms of citizens, determine the crime and punishment system, and contain regulations in areas such as commercial and labor law. Courts exercise jurisdiction in North Macedonia. The country has an independent and impartial judicial system. There are various courts such as the Supreme Court, Constitutional Court, Administrative Courts, Criminal Courts, Courts of Appeal and Courts of Appeal. These courts serve to resolve legal disputes, evaluate charges, and provide justice. Efforts are being made to bring the legal system in North Macedonia into line with European Union (EU) standards. It is aimed to reform the legal system and harmonize it with the EU acquis within the scope of the country's EU membership process. In this process, studies are carried out on issues such as judicial independence and the fairness and effectiveness of trial processes.